ABSTRACT
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected everyone's life and especially those with chronic conditions, such as diabetes. Therefore, the need for medical care in such populations resulted to identify new models of health care avoiding physical consultation and reducing the risk of COVID-19 transmission, giving emphasis to telemedicine. There is an increasing amount of studies showing the beneficial impact of the use of telemedicine in patients with type 1 diabetes, while for patients with type 2 diabetes the existing data are limited and conflicted. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to summarize the existing literature data on the impact of telemedicine on the follow-up of patients with diabetes during the pandemic as well as its place in the management of patients with diabetes in the future.
ABSTRACT
There is increasing evidence that novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM). Previous outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses showed that they are able to enter islet cells via angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptors resulting in b-cell damage and hyperglycemia. Impaired pancreatic insulin secretion and insulin resistance have been proposed as underlying mechanisms of new-onset DM in patients with COVID-19. New-onset DM prognosis in patients with COVID-19 can be observed even in patients without risk factors for DM and it is characterized by worse prognosis and poor surveillance. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to summarize the existing literature data on the prevalence of new-onset DM in patients with COVID-19, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms as well the management and prognosis of these patients.
ABSTRACT
Background and aims: A national lockdown to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in our country was introduced in March 2020. We think that lockdowns may lead to weight gain and worsening of glycemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate how type 2 DM patients were affected by the lockdown. Method: Type 2 DM patients unable to attend regular follow-ups due to lockdown over a 42-day period between March and May 2020 and who again attended polyclinic follow-up when the lockdown was lifted were included in the study. These patients' glycemic control and weight status were compared with the pre-lockdown period. Result: The research involved 58 type 2 DM patients, 32 men (55,2%) and 26 women (44.8%), with a mean age of 62,5 +/- 11,9. Patients' mean pre-lockdown weight was 83,3 +/- 15,9 kg, failing to 82.9 +/- 16.4 kg post-lockdown, although the decrease was not statistically significant (p=0,0107). In terms of glycemic parameters, Hba1c decrease from 7,0 +/- 1,3 to 6,7 +/- 0,7% (p=0,004), and fasting glucose from 144,3 +/- 50,1 to 135,4 +/- 42,8mg/dl (p=0,277). There was not any statistically significant difference, in terms of Body Mass Index (BMI) (29,7 +/- 5,3 from 29,5 +/- 5,5 Kg/m(2)), LDL-cholesterol (87,0 +/- 9,4 from 83,4 +/- 3,5 mg/dl), triglycerides (135,0 +/- 75,8 from 143,8 +/- 73,3 mg/dl) and liver biochemical parameters (AST:22,8 +/- 12,1 from 21,2 +/- 5,8 mg/dl and ALT: 25,3 +/- 9,6 from 23,9 +/- 9,6 mg/dl). Conclusion: To sum up, patients with DM type 2 appeared a significant decrease of HbA1c, but there was not any statistically significant decrease in the values of body weight and lipid profile. This was a small sample and further studies with larger sample are needed.
ABSTRACT
Background and aims: A national lockdown to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in our country was introduced in March 2020. We think that lockdowns may lead to weight gain and worsening of glycemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate how type 2 DM patients were affected by the lockdown. Method: Type 2 DM patients unable to attend regular follow-ups due to lockdown over a 42-day period between March and May 2020 and who again attended polyclinic follow-up when the lockdown was lifted were included in the study. These patients' glycemic control and weight status were compared with the prelockdown period. Result: The research involved 58 type 2 DM patients, 32 men (55,2%) and 26 women (44.8%), with a mean age of 62,5 +/- 11,9. Patients' mean pre-lockdown weight was 83,3 +/- 15,9 kg, failing to 82.9 +/- 16.4 kg postlockdown, although the decrease was not statistically significant (p=0,0107). In terms of glycemic parameters, Hba1c decrease from 7,0 +/- 1,3 to 6,7 +/- 0,7% (p=0,004), and fasting glucose from 144,3 +/- 50,1 to 135,4 +/- 42,8mg/dl (p=0,277). There was not any statistically significant difference, in terms of Body Mass Index (BMI) (29,7 +/- 5,3 from 29,5 +/- 5,5 Kg/m(2)), LDL-cholesterol (87,0 +/- 9,4 from 83,4 +/- 3,5 mg/dl), triglycerides (135,0 +/- 75,8 from 143,8 +/- 73,3 mg/dl) and liver biochemical parameters (AST:22,8 +/- 12,1 from 21,2 +/- 5,8 mg/dl and ALT: 25,3 +/- 9,6 from 23,9 +/- 9,6 mg/dl). Conclusion: To sum up, patients with DM type 2 appeared a significant decrease of HbA1c, but there was not any statistically significant decrease in the values of body weight and lipid profile. This was a small sample and further studies with larger sample are needed.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19, a disease caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has reached the proportion of a pandemic and either is presented with mild and moderate symptoms or in severe cases can be presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and even death. Older age, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and obesity significantly increase morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. In the present review we summarize the existing, and daily growing, data on the impact of COVID-19 infection on patients with diabetes, their antidiabetic therapy as well the extra precautions, except for good glucose control, they have to take in order not to contract the virus. Social distancing, strict hand hygiene is of great importance in order to help the global goal of eradication of the disease.